Panalon - Injection Pancuronium Bromide - 4mg/2ml 1 5 Injections(s) / 5 Injections Techno Drugs LTD. Introduction: Panalon belongs to a group of medicines called muscle relaxants. It is used along with general anesthesia or sedatives to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. It is also used to facilitate emergency airway management in patients in intensive care. Panalon is generally administered by a healthcare professional. You should not self-administer this medicine at home. The dose and duration will depend on what you are taking it for and how well it helps your symptoms. The medicine is generally well-tolerated with little or no side effects. However, it may cause injection site reactions (such as pain, redness, and... Uses of Panalon: Skeletal mucle relaxation during surgery Side effects of Panalon: Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness) How to use Panalon: Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self administer. How Panalon works: Panalon relaxes the muscles by blocking the impulses from the nerves. Indication: Adjunct to GA for Endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle ralaxation. Adult Dose: General Anesthesia Adjunct/Cesarean Section Load: 0.04-0.1 mg/kg IV Maintenance: 0.015-0.1 mg/kg IV q30-60min OR Continuous infusion: 0.1 mg/kg/hr IV Dose should be calculated based on ideal body weight Monitoring of muscle twitch response to a peripheral nerve stimulator is advised Endotracheal Intubation Bolus dose 0.06-0.1 mg/kg Usually effective with in 2-3 minutes Child Dose: Neonates (1 Month Old Load: 0.04-0.1 mg/kg IV Maintenance: 0.015-0.1 mg/kg IV q30-60min OR Continual infusion: 0.1 mg/kg/hr IV Contraindication: Anuria. Relatively contraindicated in conditions of reduced airway control. Lactation. Mode of Action: Pancuronium bromide is a non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent with curarimimetic action through competitive blockade at the myoneural junction by binding with cholinergic receptor sites. Precaution: Myasthenia gravis; severe electrolyte disorders; severe CV disease; pregnancy. Hepatic and renal function impairment. Hypothermia; jaundice; hypermagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia, hypoproteinaemia, acidosis, alkalosis, hypercalcemia. In obese patients, dose should be based on ideal body wt. Elderly; previous anaphylactic reactions to other neuromuscular-blocking agents. Burn patients (>30% of body) may be resistant to action for 5-70 days after injury. Demyelinating lesions, peripheral neuropathies, denervation, infection, muscle trauma, and DM may antagonise the neuromuscular blockade effects of drug. Neuromuscular diseases, acute intermittent porphyria, Eaton-Lambert syndrome. Maintain adequate airway and respiratory support during use. Lactation: not known if excreted in breast milk; effect on... Side Effect: Tachycardia may occur due to vagal blockade and especially during light anaesthesia. May decrease intra-ocular pressure and induce miosis; excessive salivation; transient rashes and itching; wheezing; elevation in pulse rate, BP, cardiac output; erythema; burning sensation along vein; profound muscle weakness; bronchospasm; hypersensitivity reaction; acute quadriplegic myopathy syndrome, myositis ossificans. Potentially Fatal: Rare anaphylactoid reactions; bradycardia, bronchospasm, hypotension and CV collapse; respiratory depression. Interaction: Neuroleptanalgaesia may decrease neuromuscular activity. Action may be prolonged and/or potentiated by aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, diazepam, lidocaine (high dose), quinidine, tetracyclines, propranolol, thiamine (high dose), parenteral magnesium sulphate, MAOIs, quinine, protamine, carbamazepine, donepezil and phenytoin (if pancuronium is given concurrently for <1 wk). Action may be decreased by neostigmine, edrophonium, high-dose or long term corticosteroids, adrenaline (may also potentiate effect), azathioprine, theophylline (high doses), clindamycin, nifedipine, piperacillin, polymixins, verapamil, procainamide. Furosemide may increase or decrease effects. TCAs may increase risk of arrhythmias and hypotension during anaesthesia. Potentially Fatal: Potentiated by volatile anaesthetics (isoflurane and enflurane) and local anaesthetics. Prior admin...